Aparicio R, Oñate J M, Arizcun A, Alvarez T, Alba A, Cuende J I, Miró M
Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General Río Carrión, Palencia.
Med Clin (Barc). 1999 Feb 6;112(4):143-6.
Few toxic outbreaks by quails ingestion have been described, none in Spain, and the toxic hasn't been identified. A toxic outbreak, by quails ingestion that ate Galeopsis ladanum seeds, is described and an animal model is developed.
A rhabdomyolysis outbreak by quails ingestion is studied clinical and epidemiologically. Quails crops were analyzed and 20 patients were studied. A murine model was developed. Alcaloid content in Galeopsis ladanum seeds and quail meat was measured.
Twenty patients suffered from rhabdomyolysis (myalgia, increase of muscular enzymes and myoglobinuria) by ingestion of quails that ate Galeopsis ladanum seeds as it could be seen at their crops. Six patients needed hospital care but evolution was benign. Rats fed with quails that ate Galeopsis ladanum seeds had higher creatinkinase (CK) levels than controls rats (near significance, p = 0.0588). Several alcaloids, stachydrine included, was detected in seeds. Another alcaloid no identified was detected in quails meat.
Quails that eat Galeopsis ladanum seeds are toxic for human beings, causing rhabdomyolysis. A plant alcaloid could be the toxic involved in the outbreak.
鹌鹑摄入导致的中毒暴发鲜有报道，西班牙尚无此类报道，且毒物尚未明确。本文描述了一起因鹌鹑摄入了食用鼬瓣花种子的鹌鹑而引发的中毒事件，并建立了动物模型。
对鹌鹑摄入导致的横纹肌溶解暴发进行临床和流行病学研究。分析了鹌鹑嗉囊，并对20名患者进行了研究。建立了小鼠模型。测定了鼬瓣花种子和鹌鹑肉中的生物碱含量。
20名患者因摄入食用鼬瓣花种子的鹌鹑而出现横纹肌溶解（肌痛、肌肉酶升高和肌红蛋白尿），在其嗉囊中可见。6名患者需要住院治疗，但病情进展良好。喂食食用鼬瓣花种子的鹌鹑的大鼠肌酸激酶（CK）水平高于对照大鼠（接近显著水平，p = 0.0588）。在种子中检测到几种生物碱，包括水苏碱。在鹌鹑肉中检测到另一种未鉴定的生物碱。
食用鼬瓣花种子的鹌鹑对人类有毒，可导致横纹肌溶解。一种植物生物碱可能是此次暴发所涉及的毒物。
