Strebl F, Gerzabek M H, Bossew P, Kienzl K
Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf Ges.m.b.H., Department of Environmental Research, Seibersdorf, Austria.
Sci Total Environ. 1999 Feb 2;226(1):75-83. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(98)90051-1.
Within an Austrian spruce stand, vertical distribution of radiocaesium in soil as well as 137Cs concentration in different forest ecosystem compartments including spruce and surface water were investigated 10 years after the Chernobyl accident. The total 137Cs inventory in the forest was estimated to be 46 kBq m-2 (ref. date: 86-05-01). From the collected data annual input rates via litterfall of 0.48% per year and output rates through waterflows of only 0.02% per year were derived. The results identify the high importance of forest soils as a sink for radiocaesium. The estimated ecological residence half-times turned out to be highest in the organic soil horizons (1-3 years per cm), whereas in mineral horizons the values decrease significantly. As a consequence, soil inventory represents more than 95% of the total, whereas only approximately 3.3% of the 137Cs inventory is stored in the living biomass of spruce trees and a further 0.5% in the phytomass of understorey vegetation.
在切尔诺贝利事故发生10年后，对奥地利云杉林中土壤中放射性铯的垂直分布以及包括云杉和地表水在内的不同森林生态系统组成部分中的137Cs浓度进行了调查。森林中137Cs的总存量估计为46 kBq m-2（参考日期：86 - 05 - 01）。根据收集到的数据，得出通过凋落物每年的输入率为0.48%，而通过水流的输出率仅为每年0.02%。结果表明森林土壤作为放射性铯汇的重要性很高。估计的生态停留半衰期在有机土壤层中最高（每厘米1 - 3年），而在矿质土壤层中该值显著降低。因此，土壤存量占总量的95%以上，而137Cs存量中只有约3.3%储存在云杉树的活生物量中，另有0.5%储存在林下植被的植物量中。
