Strebl F, Gerzabek M H, Karg V, Tataruch F
Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf GmbH., Austria.
Sci Total Environ. 1996 Mar 29;181(3):237-47. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)05023-x.
The depth distribution of 137Cs in an Austrian spruce forest stand was investigated in soil profiles sampled in thin layers (2 cm) and in pooled soil samples over an area of 200 ha. The 137Cs concentrations both from Chernobyl and global fallout decrease exponentially with depth. Forty-six percent of Chernobyl-derived caesium and 26% from global fallout are still to be found in the litter layer; <3% (for global fallout 6%) have reached layers deeper than 20 cm of mineral soil. Correlation analysis showed a significant dependence of 137Cs content in samples on organic matter as well as cation exchange capacity. Using a compartment model, average residence half-times of 5.3, 9.9, 1.78 and 0.8 years were calculated for the layers litter, 0-5 (Ah1), 5-10 (Ah2) and 10-20 cm (A/B) of mineral soil, respectively. Using the model predictions of soil contamination as a basis and considering the roe deer forage plants' rooting depths, the development of 137Cs contamination of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) (1987-1993) was well described by applying an aggregated transfer factor.
在奥地利云杉林分中，对厚度为2厘米的薄层土壤样本以及面积为200公顷的混合土壤样本进行了调查，以研究¹³⁷Cs的深度分布情况。来自切尔诺贝利事故和全球沉降的¹³⁷Cs浓度均随深度呈指数下降。在枯枝落叶层中仍可发现46%来自切尔诺贝利的铯以及26%来自全球沉降的铯；<3%（全球沉降的为6%）已到达矿质土壤中深度超过20厘米的土层。相关性分析表明，样本中¹³⁷Cs含量与有机质以及阳离子交换容量显著相关。使用隔室模型，分别计算出矿质土壤的枯枝落叶层、0 - 5厘米（Ah1）、5 - 10厘米（Ah2）和10 - 20厘米（A/B）层的平均停留半衰期为5.3年、9.9年、1.78年和0.8年。以土壤污染的模型预测为基础，并考虑狍子觅食植物的生根深度，通过应用综合转移因子，很好地描述了狍子（Capreolus capreolus）¹³⁷Cs污染的发展情况（1987 - 1993年）。
