May R
Acta Med Austriaca. 1976;3(4):125-8.
The most important preliminary examinations are: the visualisation of the valves of the veins by retrograde strain phlebography, determination of the degree of the recanalisation of the deep veins and the outflow of the pump of the calf muscle. Venous edemas: congenital absence of the valves of the veins, intramural thrombosis, postthrombotic edemas, division into four degrees, combined venous-lymphatic edemas.
通过逆行性压迫静脉造影观察静脉瓣膜，确定深静脉再通程度以及小腿肌肉泵的流出情况。静脉水肿：静脉瓣膜先天性缺失、壁内血栓形成、血栓形成后水肿、分为四个等级、合并静脉 - 淋巴水肿。
