Lears M K, Guth K J, Lewandowski L
Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 1998 Nov-Dec;24(6):578-86.
Immigrant visas issued to orphans entering the United States (a proxy measure for international adoptions) totaled 13,620 in 1997, more than double the amount in 1992. As international adoption numbers rise, pediatric nurses encounter more adopted children and adoptive families. Among the many adoption-related issues confronting pediatric health care providers, the one most frequently voiced is: "Should we do or look for anything differently in adopted children? And, if so, what?" To address this issue, a three-fold approach is suggested: (a) recognize the physical conditions and medical problems prevalent in the international countries with high adoption rates; (b) identify the unique adoption-related tasks encountered by children according to their current developmental stage; and (c) determine recommendations for providers, parents, and children to successfully address or cope with these adoption-related tasks and conditions.
1997年，发放给进入美国的孤儿（国际收养的一项替代指标）的移民签证总数为13620份，比1992年的数量增加了一倍多。随着国际收养数量的增加，儿科护士会接触到更多的被收养儿童和收养家庭。在儿科医疗保健提供者面临的众多与收养相关的问题中，最常被提及的是：“我们在被收养儿童身上是否应该采取不同的做法或寻找不同的情况？如果是，具体是什么？”为了解决这个问题，建议采取三方面的方法：(a) 认识到收养率高的国际国家中普遍存在的身体状况和医疗问题；(b) 根据儿童当前的发育阶段确定他们遇到的与收养相关的独特任务；(c) 为医疗保健提供者、父母和儿童确定建议，以成功应对或处理这些与收养相关的任务和状况。
