Podnar S, Rodi Z, Lukanovic A, Trsinar B, Vodusek D B
Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Muscle Nerve. 1999 Mar;22(3):400-3. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199903)22:3<400::aid-mus14>3.0.co;2-l.
The external anal sphincter (EAS) anatomy is complex, and no exact technique of needle electrode insertion into it for electromyography (EMG) has been described. To define optimal positions for needle electrode insertions, EAS muscle topography was studied by concentric needle EMG. Fifteen women without uroneurological disorders were examined. Perpendicular insertions were made superficially (just under the mucosa) at the mucocutaneous junction, 5 and 10 mm more proximally (toward the anus), and at the anal orifice. In addition, at the anal orifice, deeper insertions were made. Superficially, EMG activity was detected at the mucocutaneous junction in 9 (60%) subjects. In the remaining 6, the muscle was found either 5 mm (in 5) or 10 mm (in 1) more centrally. At the anal orifice, superficial EMG activity was present in 67% of women. On deep insertion (15-25 mm) at the anal orifice, muscle was always present. It is suggested that, in further studies, the portions of the EAS muscle examined should be specified.
肛门外括约肌（EAS）的解剖结构复杂，目前尚无确切的将针电极插入该肌肉进行肌电图（EMG）检查的技术描述。为确定针电极插入的最佳位置，通过同心针肌电图对EAS肌肉的地形进行了研究。对15名无泌尿神经疾病的女性进行了检查。在黏膜皮肤交界处、向近端（朝向肛门）5毫米和10毫米处以及肛门开口处进行垂直浅插（刚好在黏膜下方）。此外，在肛门开口处进行更深层次的插入。在浅插时，9名（60%）受试者在黏膜皮肤交界处检测到肌电图活动。在其余6名受试者中，在更靠近中心的位置发现肌肉，其中5名在5毫米处，1名在10毫米处。在肛门开口处，67%的女性存在浅肌电图活动。在肛门开口处进行深度插入（15 - 25毫米）时，总是能检测到肌肉。建议在进一步的研究中，应明确所检查的EAS肌肉部分。
