Frossard N, Benabdesselam O, Melac M, Glasser N, Lacronique J, Pauli G
INSERM U 425, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires, BP 426, et Faculté de Pharmacie, Strasbourg.
Am J Ther. 1998 Sep;5(5):307-11. doi: 10.1097/00045391-199809000-00006.
Numerous studies have compared the duration of the cutaneous effect of cetirizine and loratadine. We assessed their nasal effects 24 hours after administration in patients with allergic rhinitis, using a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Nasal challenge was performed by nebulization of increasing doubling dosages of histamine (0.04-1.28 mg/nostril) in 12 patients (seven males, five females, aged 31 +/- 7 years). Nasal airway resistance was measured by posterior rhinomanometry 24 hours after intake of cetirizine (10 mg), loratadine (10 mg), or placebo. Baseline nasal airway resistance was identical on all study days (2.86 +/- 0.10 cm H2 O/L per second). Twenty-four hours after intake, the dose-response curve of nasal obstruction to histamine was significantly lower after treatment with cetirizine compared with placebo (P < 0.05). However, although the curve was lower on loratadine than on placebo, the curves did not differ significantly. In conclusion, our study shows significant efficacy of cetirizine, but not of loratadine, in the nose at 24 hours after a single dose. This suggests that the nasal action of cetirizine is longer lasting than that of loratadine in patients with allergic rhinitis.
众多研究已对西替利嗪和氯雷他定的皮肤效应持续时间进行了比较。我们采用随机、双盲、交叉、安慰剂对照试验，评估了变应性鼻炎患者用药24小时后它们的鼻腔效应。对12例患者（7例男性，5例女性，年龄31±7岁）通过雾化递增双倍剂量的组胺（0.04 - 1.28mg/鼻孔）进行鼻腔激发试验。在摄入西替利嗪（10mg）、氯雷他定（10mg）或安慰剂24小时后，采用后鼻测压法测量鼻气道阻力。在所有研究日，基线鼻气道阻力相同（2.86±0.10cmH₂O/L每秒）。摄入药物24小时后，与安慰剂相比，西替利嗪治疗后组胺所致鼻阻塞的剂量 - 反应曲线显著降低（P<0.05）。然而，尽管氯雷他定组的曲线低于安慰剂组，但两组曲线差异无统计学意义。总之，我们的研究表明，单次给药24小时后，西替利嗪在鼻部有显著疗效，而氯雷他定则无。这表明在变应性鼻炎患者中，西替利嗪的鼻腔作用比氯雷他定更持久。
