Giovannoni G
Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Baillieres Clin Neurol. 1997 Oct;6(3):387-407.
The aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unknown. Evidence from clinical and animal studies strongly supports MS as an organ-specific autoimmune disease mediated by T helper 1 CD4+ autoreactive T cells. This chapter will review the evidence in favour of this theory, discuss central nervous system autoimmune hypotheses and outline the important inflammatory mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis of MS. The immunology applicable to the acute or isolated MS lesion is presented. Relevant clinical aspects of the disease are discussed to support and highlight potential inconsistencies in current thinking. Hypotheses are presented where parts of the immunopathogenic jigsaw puzzle remain incomplete, for example the mechanisms responsible for disease evolution. Where necessary, supportive evidence from the animal model experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is presented.
多发性硬化症（MS）的病因仍然不明。临床和动物研究证据有力地支持MS是一种由辅助性T细胞1型CD4 +自身反应性T细胞介导的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病。本章将回顾支持该理论的证据，讨论中枢神经系统自身免疫假说，并概述MS免疫发病机制中涉及的重要炎症机制。介绍适用于急性或孤立性MS病变的免疫学。讨论该疾病的相关临床方面，以支持并突出当前观点中潜在的不一致之处。对于免疫发病机制拼图中仍不完整的部分，例如疾病进展的机制，提出了假说。必要时，还会介绍动物模型实验性变应性脑脊髓炎的支持性证据。
