Littman M S, Kirsh I E, Keane A T
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1978 Nov;131(5):773-85. doi: 10.2214/ajr.131.5.773.
In the records of 5,058 persons with therapeutic or occupational exposure to radium, 21 patients with carcinoma of the mastoid and 11 with malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses were identified. Tumor induction times were 21-50 years for mastoid tumors (median, 33) and 19-52 years for paranasal sinus tumors (median, 34). Dosimetric data are given for the patients whose body burdens of radium have been measured. We found a high proportion of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, comprising 38% of the mastoid and 36% of the paranasal sinus tumors. Three patients had antecedent bone sarcoma at 20, 11, and 5 years, respectively, and a bone sarcoma was discovered at autopsy in a fourth patient. Radiographic changes in the mastoid and paranasal sinuses were similar to those seen in nonradium malignant tumors. More than 800 known persons exposed to radium before 1930 and another group of unknown size who received radium water or injections of radium from physicians are still alive and at risk of developing malignant tumors of the mastoid and paranasal sinuses.
在5058名有镭治疗或职业性接触史的人员记录中，确定有21例乳突癌患者和11例鼻窦恶性肿瘤患者。乳突肿瘤的诱发时间为21至50年（中位数为33年），鼻窦肿瘤为19至52年（中位数为34年）。已给出了镭体内负荷量已测量的患者的剂量学数据。我们发现黏液表皮样癌比例很高，占乳突肿瘤的38%，占鼻窦肿瘤的36%。三名患者分别在20年、11年和5年前患有骨肉瘤，第四名患者在尸检时发现有骨肉瘤。乳突和鼻窦的影像学改变与非镭恶性肿瘤所见相似。1930年以前接触过镭的800多名已知人员以及另一组人数不详、从医生处接受过镭水或镭注射的人员仍然健在，有患乳突和鼻窦恶性肿瘤的风险。
