Finison L J, Finison K S, Bliersbach C M
New England Applied Research Group, Boston, MA.
J Healthc Qual. 1993 Jan-Feb;15(1):9-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-1474.1993.tb00073.x.
Control charts are a basic tool for understanding variation in all healthcare processes. Control chart limits are not standards; rather, they divided variation into special and common cause, each of which requires a different management response. Each type of data--variables, count defect, or defectives data--requires a different type of chart (e.g., X bar and R, X bar and S; C or U; P or NP). Individual observations where events are infrequent can be charted on an individual's chart with moving range limits or by several alternative methods discussed in this article.
控制图是理解所有医疗保健过程中变异情况的基本工具。控制图的界限不是标准；相反，它们将变异分为特殊原因和共同原因，每种原因都需要不同的管理应对措施。每种类型的数据——变量、计数缺陷或不合格品数据——都需要不同类型的图表（例如，均值极差图、均值标准差图；C图或U图；P图或NP图）。事件发生频率较低的个别观测值可以用移动极差界限绘制在个体图上，或者用本文讨论的几种替代方法进行绘制。
