Beyond quality improvement teams: sociotechnical systems theory and self-directed work teams.

Increasingly, businesses are reporting successful implementation of self-directed work teams. In health care, team-based structures in both clinical and nonclinical areas are now rapidly emerging. This paper describes the linkage between the literature of sociotechnical systems theory and current applications of self-directed work teams, and outlines the organizational processes used to design and implement them. Several examples of self-directed work teams in industry and health care systems are provided. As much of the existing literature on self-directed work teams is from industry, there is a need for case reports and further research on their current applications in health care systems.