Gruber J
Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
Am Econ Rev. 1994 Jun;84(3):622-41.
I consider the labor-market effects of mandates which raise the costs of employing a demographically identifiable group. The efficiency of these policies will be largely dependent on the extent to which their costs are shifted to group-specific wages. I study several state and federal mandates which stipulated that childbirth be covered comprehensively in health insurance plans, raising the relative cost of insuring women of childbearing age. I find substantial shifting of the costs of these mandates to the wages of the targeted group. Correspondingly, I find little effect on total labor input for that group.
我研究了那些提高雇佣特定人口群体成本的指令对劳动力市场的影响。这些政策的效率在很大程度上取决于其成本转移到特定群体工资上的程度。我研究了几项州和联邦指令，这些指令规定医疗保险计划应全面覆盖分娩费用，从而提高了为育龄女性提供保险的相对成本。我发现这些指令的成本大量转移到了目标群体的工资上。相应地，我发现对该群体的总劳动力投入几乎没有影响。
