Texas A&M University, Bush School, College Station, TX 77843-4220, USA.
J Policy Anal Manage. 2012 Winter;31(1):63-92. doi: 10.1002/pam.20616.
This paper examines the labor market effects of state health insurance mandates that increase the cost of employing a demographically identifiable group. State mandates requiring that health insurance plans cover infertility treatment raise the relative cost of insuring older women of child-bearing age. Empirically, wages in this group are unaffected, but their total labor input decreases. Workers do not value infertility mandates at cost, and so will not take wage cuts in exchange, leading employers to decrease their demand for this affected and identifiable group. Differences in the empirical effects of mandates found in the literature are explained by a model including variations in the elasticity of demand, moral hazard, ability to identify a group, and adverse selection.
本文考察了州医疗保险法规对劳动力市场的影响，这些法规增加了雇佣特定人群的成本。要求医疗保险计划覆盖不孕治疗的州法规提高了为育龄老年女性投保的相对成本。从经验上看，这一群体的工资没有受到影响，但他们的总劳动投入减少了。工人不会按成本来衡量不孕法规的价值，因此也不会接受减薪来换取不孕法规，这导致雇主减少了对这一受影响且可识别群体的需求。文献中发现的法规的实证影响存在差异，其原因是模型中包含了需求弹性、道德风险、识别群体的能力和逆向选择等因素的变化。
