Mavis B E, Stachnik T J, Gibson C A, Stöffelmayr B E
Department of Psychiatry, Michigan State University, East Lansing.
Am J Health Promot. 1992 Sep-Oct;7(1):53-60. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-7.1.53.
The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics associated with participation in worksite-based health promotion activities.
Follow-up interviews were used to identify demographic, attitudinal, and behavioral differences among three employee groups. Reasons employees chose not to participate in health promotion activities were also explored.
All respondents were employed at a large midwestern university and were eligible to participate in free onsite health fairs and health promotion programs.
A stratified random sample of 89 nonparticipants, health fair participants, and behavior change program participants was interviewed.
The interview was comprised of questions related to demographic information, personal health habits, physical activity, perceived health status, perceived self-efficacy, worksite norms, health promoting lifestyle factors, and knowledge about health promotion activities.
ANOVA and chi-squared comparisons revealed few group differences. Graduate students and employees with advanced degrees were most likely to take part in health fairs. Behavior change program participants were older, clerical-technical staff members, and women. Faculty members were least likely to participate. A lack of time was the most often cited reason for nonparticipation.
The study was retrospective and the analyses limited due to low statistical power. The results suggest that different groups of employees are attracted to different types of health promotion activities.
本研究旨在确定与参与工作场所健康促进活动相关的特征。
采用随访访谈来确定三个员工群体在人口统计学、态度和行为方面的差异。同时还探讨了员工选择不参与健康促进活动的原因。
所有受访者均受雇于中西部一所大型大学，并有资格参加免费的现场健康博览会和健康促进项目。
对89名非参与者、健康博览会参与者和行为改变项目参与者进行了分层随机抽样访谈。
访谈包括与人口统计学信息、个人健康习惯、体育活动、感知健康状况、感知自我效能、工作场所规范、健康促进生活方式因素以及健康促进活动知识相关的问题。
方差分析和卡方比较显示组间差异较少。研究生和拥有高级学位的员工最有可能参加健康博览会。行为改变项目参与者年龄较大，多为文书技术人员和女性。教职员工参与的可能性最小。时间不足是最常被提及的不参与原因。
本研究为回顾性研究，且由于统计效力较低，分析受到限制。结果表明，不同类型的健康促进活动吸引了不同群体的员工。
