Fontanet A, Piot P
Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Health Transit Rev. 1994;4 Suppl:11-22.
The first part of this paper describes the current global situation of the AIDS pandemic, and the second part the dynamics of the heterosexual transmission of the HIV virus in a population. Risk factors for HIV infection are presented in three different categories: environmental risk factors, including all epidemiological and socio-economic variables which modify the HIV prevalence in a community and operate beyond the control of individuals taken separately; personal risk factors, including the behavioural variables which determine an individual's probability of being exposed to an HIV-positive sexual partner; and biological risk factors, including the known and putative variables which facilitate the transmission of the virus between two partners of differing serostatus. As preventive strategies should be targeted against risk factors which are both preventable and responsible for a large number of HIV transmissions, an attempt is made in this paper to identify in four different populations the risk factors which account for the largest proportion of HIV infections.
本文第一部分描述了当前艾滋病大流行的全球形势，第二部分阐述了艾滋病毒在人群中的异性传播动态。艾滋病毒感染的风险因素分为三类：环境风险因素，包括所有改变社区艾滋病毒流行率且不受个体单独控制的流行病学和社会经济变量；个人风险因素，包括决定个体接触艾滋病毒阳性性伴侣概率的行为变量；生物风险因素，包括已知和假定的促进病毒在不同血清学状态的两个伴侣之间传播的变量。由于预防策略应针对可预防且导致大量艾滋病毒传播的风险因素，本文试图在四类不同人群中找出导致艾滋病毒感染比例最大的风险因素。
