Wirsen C O, Jannasch H W
J Bacteriol. 1978 Nov;136(2):765-74. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.2.765-774.1978.
Cell suspensions of Thiovulum sp., collected from enrichment cultures, were grown, maintained, and harvested for periods up to 7 months. In open-flow cultures run with aerated seawater, a continuous supply of hydrogen sulfide was provided by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane from either a live culture of Desulfovibrio esturaii, neutralized sodium sulfide, or a N2-H2S gas mixture. Attempts to grow Thiovulum in pure culture failed despite variation in concentrations of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen sulfide in stratified as well as in completely mixed systems. Uptake of 14CO2 and some organic compounds by purified cell suspensions was measured, and values were corrected for the activity of heterotrophic as well as autotrophic contaminants as determined in control experiments. Cell populations exhibited maximum uptake activities during formation of the characteristic veils. Substantial uptake of CO2 in air-saturated seawater was coincident with an optimal concentration of hydrogen sulfide of about 1 mM. Glutamate and a selection of vitamins (B12M biotin, and thiamine) did not significantly affect the uptake of CO2. No substantial uptake of carbon from acetate, glutamate, mannitol, and Casamino Acids was found. Within the range of error indicated, the data are consistent with acceptance of a chemolithotrophic nature of Thiovulum.
从富集培养物中收集的硫螺旋菌属细胞悬浮液培养、维持并收获长达7个月。在通有曝气海水的开放流培养中，通过半透膜从埃斯图拉脱硫弧菌的活培养物、中和的硫化钠或N₂-H₂S气体混合物中扩散提供连续的硫化氢供应。尽管在分层以及完全混合系统中溶解氧和硫化氢浓度有所变化，但在纯培养中培养硫螺旋菌的尝试均告失败。测定了纯化细胞悬浮液对¹⁴CO₂和一些有机化合物的摄取，并根据对照实验中确定的异养和自养污染物的活性对数值进行了校正。细胞群体在形成特征性菌膜期间表现出最大摄取活性。在空气饱和海水中大量摄取CO₂与约1 mM的最佳硫化氢浓度一致。谷氨酸和一些维生素（B₁₂、生物素和硫胺素）对CO₂的摄取没有显著影响。未发现从乙酸盐、谷氨酸、甘露醇和酪蛋白氨基酸中大量摄取碳。在所示误差范围内，数据与硫螺旋菌属的化能无机营养性质相符。
