McConnell C R
Myers Community Hospital, Sodus, NY, USA.
Health Care Superv. 1997 Dec;16(2):65-78.
Formula management is the unjustified reliance on a set of rules or prescribed behaviors--a management formula, fad, or "flavor-of-the-month"--as the answer to an organization's needs. It is the manifestation of a tendency to believe that the essence of management can be proceduralized, that the art of management can be replaced with an expanding science of management. This tendency has been repeatedly demonstrated in the application of concepts such as management by objectives (MBO) and the variants of total quality management (TQM). All of management's "formulas" have their place; however, none of them provide all of management's needed answers. To view any of the specifically delineated "kinds of management"--all of which are highly susceptible to misapplication and resistance to change both blatant and subtle--as a cure-all is fully as inappropriate as denying their value out of hand. Formula or not, organizational results will continue to depend on the practice of the art, as well as the science, of management.
公式化管理是指不合理地依赖一套规则或规定的行为——一种管理公式、时尚或“月度流行趋势”——来满足组织的需求。它体现了一种倾向，即认为管理的本质可以程序化，管理的艺术可以被不断扩展的管理科学所取代。这种倾向在目标管理（MBO）和全面质量管理（TQM）等概念的应用中屡有体现。管理的所有“公式”都有其适用之处；然而，它们都无法提供管理所需的所有答案。将任何一种具体界定的“管理类型”——所有这些类型都极易被误用，且明显或微妙地抗拒变革——视为万灵药，与不假思索地否定其价值一样不合适。无论是否采用公式化管理，组织的成果都将继续依赖于管理的艺术以及科学的实践。
