Bianchi-Marzoli S, Brancato R
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Scientific Institute HS Raffaele, University of Milano, Italy.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1997 Dec;8(6):45-51. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199712000-00008.
Clinical manifestations of ocular motor palsies may differ according to the type and the localization of the lesions involving the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves. Topical diagnosis of the third, fourth, and sixth nerve palsies is therefore required before imaging studies and workup are performed. The development of modern imaging techniques has significantly improved the diagnosis of the disorders affecting the ocular motor nerves. This review covers the most important aspects, in terms of clinical signs and symptoms and differential diagnoses, of these cranial nerve palsies. The more recently published articles have added new disorders to the differential diagnosis of ocular motor palsy. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been confirmed to be the most important diagnostic tool in most cases. Finally, recently developed MRI techniques were presented and demonstrated to be more sensitive than conventional MRI in several cases.
动眼神经麻痹的临床表现可能因累及第三、第四和第六脑神经的病变类型和部位而异。因此，在进行影像学检查和进一步检查之前，需要对第三、第四和第六脑神经麻痹进行局部诊断。现代成像技术的发展显著提高了对影响动眼神经疾病的诊断。本综述涵盖了这些脑神经麻痹在临床体征、症状和鉴别诊断方面的最重要内容。最近发表的文章为动眼神经麻痹的鉴别诊断增加了新的疾病。此外，磁共振成像（MRI）已被证实在大多数情况下是最重要的诊断工具。最后，介绍了最近开发的MRI技术，并证明在某些情况下比传统MRI更敏感。
