Tardif D, Poncelet C, Bénifla J L, Madelenat P
Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1999 Feb 1;49(3):263-8.
Investigations are performed in women with external endometriosis to confirm the diagnosis and to evaluate extension of the disease before treatment. Elevated serum CA 125 level is correlated with the severity of the disease. CA 125 may be a helpful to assess the efficacy of the treatment or to detect recurrences. Imaging diagnosis of endometriosis have a good sensitivity to detect cysts and nodes forms of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than ultrasonography to detect small nodular lesion and is able to made the diagnosis of deeply infiltrating endometriosis (sometimes not visualised by laparoscopy). Rectal endosonography, barium enema or excretion urography can be usefull if an involvement of the rectosigmoid or the bladder is suspected. Hysterosalpingography is an integral part of the initial fertility survey, but shows only indirect signs of endometriosis. Laparoscopy is the definitive diagnosis procedure for endometriosis, and permit to classify the lesions and to draw-up a therapeutic strategy.
对于患有外在性子宫内膜异位症的女性进行检查，以在治疗前确诊并评估疾病的扩展情况。血清CA 125水平升高与疾病的严重程度相关。CA 125可能有助于评估治疗效果或检测复发情况。子宫内膜异位症的影像学诊断对检测疾病的囊肿和结节形式具有良好的敏感性。磁共振成像在检测小结节病变方面比超声更敏感，并且能够诊断深部浸润性子宫内膜异位症（有时腹腔镜检查无法看到）。如果怀疑直肠乙状结肠或膀胱受累，直肠超声检查、钡灌肠或排泄性尿路造影可能会有用。子宫输卵管造影是初始生育力检查的一个组成部分，但仅显示子宫内膜异位症的间接征象。腹腔镜检查是子宫内膜异位症的确定性诊断方法，并且可以对病变进行分类并制定治疗策略。
