Bongrand P
Laboratoire d'immunologie, unité Inserm 387, hôpital de Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1999;6 Suppl 1:20S-28S. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(99)80242-5.
The task of the immune system consists of destroying foreign structures in order to prevent the invasion of living organisms by pathogens. This destruction often provokes adverse effects defined as hypersensitivity reactions. The classification of hypersensitivity reactions proposed by Gell and Coombs is based on effector mechanisms. Although this framework remains largely used, recent work demonstrated the occurrence of profound similarities between different classes of hypersensitivity reactions. Indeed, all these reactions involve the activation of adhesion mechanisms intended to allow the local recruitment of blood leukocytes and cytokine production. The concept of a separation between two different modes of immune response induced by two different T lymphocyte subpopulations (TH1 and TH2) proved useful in understanding hypersensitivity reactions, although it represents only an approximation. Recent results were an incentive to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies whose usefulness will be evaluated in the near future.
免疫系统的任务包括破坏外来结构，以防止病原体入侵生物体。这种破坏常常引发被定义为超敏反应的不良反应。盖尔和库姆斯提出的超敏反应分类是基于效应机制。尽管这个框架仍在很大程度上被使用，但最近的研究表明不同类型的超敏反应之间存在深刻的相似之处。事实上，所有这些反应都涉及旨在允许血液白细胞局部募集和细胞因子产生的黏附机制的激活。由两种不同的T淋巴细胞亚群（TH1和TH2）诱导的两种不同免疫反应模式之间的分离概念，在理解超敏反应方面被证明是有用的，尽管它只是一种近似。最近的结果促使人们开发新的诊断和治疗策略，其有效性将在不久的将来得到评估。
