Katsambas A D, Katoulis A C, Stavropoulos P
National University of Athens, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, A Sygros Hospital, Greece.
Int J Dermatol. 1999 Feb;38(2):128-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1999.00638.x.
Acne is not uncommon in the neonatal period. Acne neonatorum is characterized by a mainly facial eruption of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. It is most commonly mild and transient. Hyperactivity of sebaceous glands, stimulated by neonatal androgens, has been implicated as the underlying pathogenetic mechanism.
All patients diagnosed with acne neonatorum in "A. Sygros" Hospital, Athens, Greece, during the years 1993-1996, were evaluated clinically and epidemiologically. Histologic examination and smears for Propionibacterium acnes and Pityrosporum ovale were performed in selected cases.
Of the 22 patients studied, 18 were male (81.8%) and 4 were female. The mean age at onset was 3 weeks and the mean duration of the disease was 4 months. Papules and pustules were the most frequent types of lesions (72.7%), followed by comedones only (22.7%). The cheeks were the most common site of predilection (81.8%). A family history of acne was reported in only three patients. Histologic examination showed hyperplastic sebaceous glands with keratin-plugged orifices. Smears for P. ovale were negative.
Our findings are consistent with previous experience, although inflammatory lesions were encountered more often than previously reported. Hereditary factors did not seem to play a significant role in our series. Topical treatment hastened the resolution of this self-limited condition. Recalcitrant cases warrant investigation for underlying androgen excess.
痤疮在新生儿期并不罕见。新生儿痤疮的特征主要是面部出现炎性和非炎性皮疹。它通常最为轻微且呈一过性。受新生儿雄激素刺激，皮脂腺功能亢进被认为是潜在的发病机制。
对1993年至1996年期间在希腊雅典“A. Sygros”医院诊断为新生儿痤疮的所有患者进行了临床和流行病学评估。对部分病例进行了组织学检查以及痤疮丙酸杆菌和卵形糠秕孢子菌涂片检查。
在研究的22例患者中，18例为男性（81.8%），4例为女性。发病的平均年龄为3周，疾病的平均持续时间为4个月。丘疹和脓疱是最常见的皮疹类型（72.7%），其次仅为粉刺（22.7%）。脸颊是最常见的好发部位（81.8%）。仅3例患者有痤疮家族史。组织学检查显示皮脂腺增生，伴有角质堵塞的开口。卵形糠秕孢子菌涂片检查为阴性。
我们的研究结果与先前的经验一致，尽管炎性皮疹的出现比先前报道的更为常见。在我们的系列研究中，遗传因素似乎并未发挥重要作用。局部治疗加速了这种自限性疾病的消退。对于顽固病例，有必要调查是否存在潜在的雄激素过多情况。
