乙型肝炎疫苗在早产儿中的免疫原性。
Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm infants.
作者信息
Blondheim O, Bader D, Abend M, Peniakov M, Reich D, Potesman I, Handsher R, Gidoni I, Linder N
机构信息
Department of Neonatology, Haemek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1998 Nov;79(3):F206-8. doi: 10.1136/fn.79.3.f206.
AIM
To assess the immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm and term infants, given in a sequence of three doses beginning soon after birth.
METHOD
The immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine was assessed in 176 preterm infants (< 35 weeks of gestation), immunised soon after birth, and compared with that in 46 term infants. Titres of hepatitis B antibodies were determined one to two months after the third vaccine. The significance of the differences between the term and preterm groups was determined using Student's t test.
RESULTS
A similar proportion of infants in both preterm and term groups attained protective titres of hepatitis B antibodies (88.7% vs 93.4%, respectively; p = NS). However, the term infants had a higher geometric mean titre of antibodies after the third vaccine than did the preterm infants (701.2 (745.0) vs 469.1 (486.2) mU/ml, respectively; p < 0.03).
CONCLUSION
Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in most preterm infants when given soon after birth. It may be advisable to determine the immune response at 12-24 months of age to booster the non-responders.
目的
评估出生后不久开始接种的三剂次乙肝疫苗对早产和足月婴儿的免疫原性。
方法
对176名早产婴儿（孕周<35周）出生后不久接种乙肝疫苗的免疫原性进行评估，并与46名足月婴儿的免疫原性进行比较。在第三次接种疫苗后1至2个月测定乙肝抗体滴度。使用学生t检验确定足月组和早产组之间差异的显著性。
结果
早产组和足月组中达到乙肝抗体保护滴度的婴儿比例相似（分别为88.7%和93.4%；p=无显著性差异）。然而，足月婴儿在第三次接种疫苗后的抗体几何平均滴度高于早产婴儿（分别为701.2（745.0）和469.1（486.2）mU/ml；p<0.03）。
结论
乙肝疫苗在大多数早产婴儿出生后不久接种时是有效的。建议在12至24个月龄时测定免疫反应，以便对无反应者进行加强免疫。
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