Woodward L J, Fergusson D M
Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1999 Feb;27(1):87-104. doi: 10.1023/a:1022618608802.
Using prospective longitudinal data from the Christchurch Health and Development Study, this paper examined the relationship between teacher reported peer relationship problems at age 9 and psychosocial adjustment in late adolescence. Results showed that, by age 18, children with high rates of early peer relationship problems were at increased risk of externalizing behavior problems such as criminal offending and substance abuse, but were not at increased risk of anxiety disorder or major depression. Subsequent analyses revealed that these associations were largely explained by the effects of child and family factors associated with both early peer relationship problems and later adjustment. The most influential variable in explaining associations between peer relationship problems and later adjustment was the extent of children's early conduct problems. These results suggest that reported associations between early peer problems and later adjustment are noncausal, and appear to reflect underlying continuities in behavioral adjustment.
利用克赖斯特彻奇健康与发展研究的前瞻性纵向数据，本文研究了9岁时教师报告的同伴关系问题与青春期后期心理社会适应之间的关系。结果表明，到18岁时，早期同伴关系问题发生率高的儿童出现外化行为问题（如犯罪和药物滥用）的风险增加，但患焦虑症或重度抑郁症的风险并未增加。随后的分析表明，这些关联在很大程度上是由与早期同伴关系问题和后期适应相关的儿童及家庭因素的影响所解释的。在解释同伴关系问题与后期适应之间的关联时，最具影响力的变量是儿童早期行为问题的程度。这些结果表明，早期同伴问题与后期适应之间报告的关联并非因果关系，似乎反映了行为适应的潜在连续性。
