Reed J M, Squire L R
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 1999 Feb;113(1):3-9. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.113.1.3.
Three amnesic patients with damage limited to the hippocampal formation, a severely amnesic patient with extensive medial temporal lobe damage, and 9 controls were tested on the transverse patterning problem (A + B-, B + C-, and C + A-) and also on 2 control problems. One of the control problems was matched to the transverse patterning problem with respect to the number of pairwise decisions that were required. The 2nd control problem was matched to the transverse patterning problem with respect to the number of trials needed by controls to learn the task. The amnesic patients were impaired at solving both the transverse patterning problem and the control problems. The findings suggest that impaired learning of the transverse patterning problem by amnesic patients derives from their general impairment in declarative memory, which affects performance on most 2-choice discrimination tasks.
对3名海马结构损伤局限的遗忘症患者、1名内侧颞叶广泛损伤的重度遗忘症患者以及9名对照者进行了横向模式问题（A + B-、B + C-和C + A-）测试，同时还进行了2个对照问题测试。其中一个对照问题在所需的成对决策数量上与横向模式问题相匹配。第二个对照问题在对照者学习该任务所需的试验次数上与横向模式问题相匹配。遗忘症患者在解决横向模式问题和对照问题时均受损。研究结果表明，遗忘症患者横向模式问题学习受损源于其陈述性记忆的普遍损伤，这会影响大多数二选一辨别任务的表现。
