Baker E A, Homan S, Schonhoff R, Kreuter M
Saint Louis University, Department of Community Health, MO 63108, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1999 Apr;16(3 Suppl):86-93. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00149-4.
Researchers and practitioners are increasingly realizing that improvements in public health require changes in individual, social, and economic factors. Concurrent with this renewed awareness there has been a growing interest in working with communities to create healthful changes through academic/practice/community research partnerships. However, this type of research presents different challenges and requires different skills than traditional research projects. The development of a set of principles of practice for these types of research projects can assist researchers in developing, implementing, and evaluating their partnerships and their project activities.
This paper describes the different ways in which academics and community groups may work together, including academic/practice/community partnerships. Several principles of practice for engaging in these research partnerships are presented followed by a description of how these principles have been put into operation in a family violence prevention program.
The principles presented are: (1) identify the best processes/model to be used based on the nature of the issue and the intended outcome; (2) acknowledge the difference between community input and active community involvement; (3) develop relationships based on mutual trust and respect; (4) acknowledge and honor different partner's "agendas"; (5) consider multi-disciplinary approaches; (6) use evaluation strategies that are consistent with the overall approach taken in the academic/practice/community partnership; and (7) be aware of partnership maturation and associated transition periods. The limitations of these principles and their application in various settings are discussed.
研究人员和从业者越来越意识到，公共卫生的改善需要改变个人、社会和经济因素。随着这种新认识的出现，人们越来越有兴趣通过学术/实践/社区研究伙伴关系与社区合作，以实现健康方面的改变。然而，这类研究带来了与传统研究项目不同的挑战，并且需要不同的技能。为这类研究项目制定一套实践原则可以帮助研究人员发展、实施和评估他们的伙伴关系以及项目活动。
本文描述了学者和社区团体合作的不同方式，包括学术/实践/社区伙伴关系。文中提出了参与这些研究伙伴关系的若干实践原则，随后描述了这些原则在一个家庭暴力预防项目中的实施情况。
提出的原则如下：（1）根据问题的性质和预期结果确定要使用的最佳流程/模式；（2）认识到社区投入与社区积极参与之间的差异；（3）基于相互信任和尊重建立关系；（4）承认并尊重不同伙伴的“议程”；（5）考虑多学科方法；（6）使用与学术/实践/社区伙伴关系中所采用的总体方法相一致的评估策略；（7）意识到伙伴关系的成熟及相关的过渡阶段。文中讨论了这些原则的局限性及其在各种环境中的应用。
