Amador X F, Kirkpatrick B, Buchanan R W, Carpenter W T, Marcinko L, Yale S A
Department of Clinical Psychobiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Apr;156(4):637-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.156.4.637.
Primary, enduring negative symptoms have been distinguished from negative symptoms more generally and are used to define the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia. Although the validity of the deficit syndrome has been demonstrated by using brain imaging, neuropsychological, illness outcome, and developmental history data, the stability of this diagnostic category has not been tested prospectively by using direct patient assessments.
Forty-three outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were categorized into deficit and nondeficit groups an average of 3.8 years after having been previously categorized.
There was 83% agreement between initial and blind follow-up designations of deficit status and 88% agreement on the nondeficit categorization.
These results provide evidence for the long-term stability of the deficit syndrome in patients with schizophrenia and the reliability of the deficit/nondeficit categorization when diagnosed by those with appropriate training. Furthermore, they validate the method of categorizing deficit patients by using cross-sectional and retrospective data.
原发性持续性阴性症状已与一般的阴性症状区分开来，并用于定义精神分裂症的缺陷综合征。尽管通过脑成像、神经心理学、疾病转归和发育史数据已证明了缺陷综合征的有效性，但这一诊断类别在直接患者评估中的稳定性尚未经过前瞻性检验。
43例精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍门诊患者在先前分类平均3.8年后被分为缺陷组和非缺陷组。
缺陷状态的初始和盲法随访分类之间的一致性为83%，非缺陷分类的一致性为88%。
这些结果为精神分裂症患者缺陷综合征的长期稳定性以及由经过适当培训的人员进行诊断时缺陷/非缺陷分类的可靠性提供了证据。此外，它们验证了使用横断面和回顾性数据对缺陷患者进行分类的方法。
