Huang T L, Ree S C, Huang Y C, Liu H Y, Yang Y Y
Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Kaolisiung, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999 Feb;53(1):63-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.1999.00472.x.
During a 2-year period, 34 patients of catatonic features in Chinese ethnic background Taiwanese were brought to the emergency unit of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou. The ratios of the causes of catatonic features by schizophrenic disorders, mood disorders, neuroleptic-induced disorders, and general medical conditions were 26, 9, 24 and 41%, respectively. After the treatments of antipsychotics, benzodiazepam, or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), 24 patients (70.6%) showed complete remission, seven patients (20.6%) showed partial remission, and three patients (8.8%) showed no response (two died). Additionally, a suggestive period is proposed in order to distinguish acute and insidious onset catatonic conditions to help clinicians in deciding on probability immediately. The patients were grouped into four diagnostic categories; namely, schizophrenic disorders, mood disorders, neuroleptic-induced disorders, and general medical conditions for comparison. One-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple-range test were used for continuous variables, and the Chi-squared test was used for categorical variables. The mean duration of 'insidious onset catatonic condition' (including schizophrenic disorders and general medical conditions) before seeking medical help was longer than 3.33 weeks, while the mean duration of 'acute catatonic condition' (including mood disorders and neuroleptic-induced disorders) was shorter than 1.83 weeks. These findings suggest that 2-3 weeks would be a cut-off point for acute or insidious onsets of catatonic conditions.
在两年期间，34名具有紧张症特征的中国台湾地区患者被送至林口长庚纪念医院急诊科。精神分裂症、心境障碍、抗精神病药所致障碍和一般躯体疾病导致紧张症特征的比例分别为26%、9%、24%和41%。经抗精神病药、苯二氮䓬类药物或电休克治疗（ECT）后，24例患者（70.6%）完全缓解，7例患者（20.6%）部分缓解，3例患者（8.8%）无反应（2例死亡）。此外，提出了一个提示期，以区分急性和隐匿性起病的紧张症状态，帮助临床医生立即确定可能性。患者被分为四个诊断类别，即精神分裂症、心境障碍、抗精神病药所致障碍和一般躯体疾病进行比较。连续变量采用单因素方差分析和邓肯多重范围检验，分类变量采用卡方检验。寻求医疗帮助前“隐匿性起病的紧张症状态”（包括精神分裂症和一般躯体疾病）的平均病程长于3.33周，而“急性紧张症状态”（包括心境障碍和抗精神病药所致障碍）的平均病程短于1.83周。这些发现表明，2至3周可能是紧张症状态急性或隐匿性起病的一个分界点。
