Herremans T M, Reimerink J H, Buisman A M, Kimman T G, Koopmans M P
Research Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
J Immunol. 1999 Apr 15;162(8):5011-8.
The inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is used for protection against poliomyelitis in The Netherlands. It is not clear, however, whether IPV vaccination can lead to priming of the mucosal immune system and the induction of IgA. It has been demonstrated that IPV vaccination is able to induce strong memory IgA responses in the serum of persons who have been naturally exposed to wild-type poliovirus. This has led to the hypothesis that IPV vaccination is able to induce poliovirus-specific IgA at mucosal sites in persons who have been previously primed with live poliovirus at mucosal sites. To test this hypothesis, the kinetics of the IgA response in serum and saliva after IPV vaccination were examined in persons previously vaccinated with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or IPV. ELISA and enzyme-linked immunospot assays were used for the detection of poliovirus-specific IgA responses. In addition, B cell populations were separated on the basis of the expression of mucosal (alpha4beta7 integrin) and peripheral homing receptors (L-selectin). Parenteral IPV vaccination was able to boost systemic and mucosal IgA responses in previously OPV-vaccinated persons only. None of the previously vaccinated IPV recipients responded with the production of IgA in saliva. In agreement with this finding, a large percentage of the poliovirus-specific IgA-producing lymphocytes detected in previous OPV recipients expressed the alpha4beta7 integrin. It is concluded that IPV vaccination alone is insufficient to induce a mucosal IgA response against poliovirus. In mucosally (OPV-) primed individuals, however, booster vaccination with IPV leads to a strong mucosal IgA response.
在荷兰，灭活脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（IPV）用于预防脊髓灰质炎。然而，尚不清楚IPV疫苗接种是否能引发黏膜免疫系统的启动并诱导IgA的产生。已经证明，IPV疫苗接种能够在自然接触过野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒的人的血清中诱导强烈的记忆性IgA反应。这导致了一种假设，即对于先前在黏膜部位接种过活脊髓灰质炎病毒的人，IPV疫苗接种能够在黏膜部位诱导脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性IgA。为了验证这一假设，研究了先前接种过口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（OPV）或IPV的人在接种IPV疫苗后血清和唾液中IgA反应的动力学。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和酶联免疫斑点测定法检测脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性IgA反应。此外，根据黏膜（α4β7整合素）和外周归巢受体（L-选择素）的表达对B细胞群体进行分离。仅在先前接种过OPV的人中，肠道外IPV疫苗接种能够增强全身和黏膜IgA反应。先前接种过IPV的人中没有一人唾液中产生IgA。与这一发现一致，在先前接种过OPV的人中检测到的大部分产生脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性IgA的淋巴细胞表达α4β7整合素。得出的结论是，单独接种IPV不足以诱导针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的黏膜IgA反应。然而，在黏膜（OPV）启动的个体中，用IPV进行加强疫苗接种会导致强烈的黏膜IgA反应。
