Borisov I
Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 1998;37(3):58-62.
Azithromycin is a member of a new class of macrolides called azalydes. Although azithromycin resembles erythromycine there are significant differences in antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic profile. Azithromycin is taken up by cells and the intracellular concentrations are significantly higher than serum concentrations. After a single oral dose of Ig, azithromycin has a long lasting effect--the tissue concentrations in the uterine and cervical tissues are kept above the minimal inhibitory concentration for Chlamydia trachomatis for more than 10 days. In order to achieve the maximal bioavailability and avoid side effects (gastrointestinal discomfort), azithromycin should be taken apart from meals (one hour before or two hours after meals). Azithromycin has no hepatotoxic potential and the possibility for drug interactions is not apparent. It is also recommended for use in pregnant women--FDA category B. A single oral dose of Ig azithromycin is the reasonable choice for the treatment of uncomplicated genital chlamydial infection.
阿奇霉素是一类名为氮杂内酯类的新型大环内酯类药物的成员。尽管阿奇霉素与红霉素相似，但在抗菌活性和药代动力学特征方面存在显著差异。阿奇霉素可被细胞摄取，细胞内浓度显著高于血清浓度。单次口服1克阿奇霉素后，其作用持久——子宫和宫颈组织中的组织浓度在超过10天的时间里保持高于沙眼衣原体的最低抑菌浓度。为了实现最大生物利用度并避免副作用（胃肠道不适），阿奇霉素应在饭前1小时或饭后2小时服用。阿奇霉素没有肝毒性潜力，药物相互作用的可能性也不明显。它也被推荐用于孕妇——美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的B类药物。单次口服1克阿奇霉素是治疗单纯性生殖器衣原体感染的合理选择。
