Ramírez M, Maldonado J, García-Salmerón J L, Narbona E, Gil A
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Granada, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 1998 Aug;17(4):177-83. doi: 10.1016/s0261-5614(98)80054-x.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feeding human milk or milk formula on the fatty acid composition of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) lipids in at term small for gestational age infants (SGA) for the first 3 months of life. One group of infants received a formula with a linoleic:alpha-linolenic acid ratio of 10:1 (MF group). Another group served as control and received their own mother's milk (HM group). Blood samples were taken at birth and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 3 months of life. Plasma and RBC fatty acid composition were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and results of total plasma lipids were expressed as concentrations by adding an internal standard. Concentrations of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids increased in total plasma lipids with age in all infants. In contrast, those fatty acids decreased when results were expressed as percentages of total fatty acids. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP) decreased regardless of how results were expressed, but the absolute concentrations of these fatty acids in plasma available for tissue accretion were greater than suggested by the percentage results. Plasma and RBC docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) decreased in the MF group in comparison to the HM group. Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) was lower in plasma of MF-fed infant but not in RBC phospholipids. We conclude that term SGA infants fed an adapted milk formula with a linoleic:alpha-linolenic acid ratio of 10:1 but devoid of LCP may lead to a low n-3 LCP status.
本研究的目的是评估在足月小于胎龄儿（SGA）出生后的前3个月，喂养母乳或配方奶对其血浆和红细胞（RBC）脂质脂肪酸组成的影响。一组婴儿接受亚油酸与α-亚麻酸比例为10:1的配方奶（MF组）。另一组作为对照组，接受其母亲的母乳（HM组）。在出生时以及出生后1周、4周和3个月采集血样。通过气液色谱法分析血浆和RBC脂肪酸组成，并通过添加内标将总血浆脂质结果表示为浓度。所有婴儿总血浆脂质中饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的浓度均随年龄增加。相反，当结果表示为总脂肪酸的百分比时，这些脂肪酸的含量降低。无论结果如何表示，长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCP）均降低，但血浆中可用于组织积累的这些脂肪酸的绝对浓度高于百分比结果所显示的。与HM组相比，MF组血浆和RBC中的二十二碳六烯酸（22:6n-3）降低。在以MF喂养的婴儿血浆中，花生四烯酸（20:4n-6）较低，但在RBC磷脂中并非如此。我们得出结论，足月SGA婴儿喂养亚油酸与α-亚麻酸比例为10:1但不含LCP的适配配方奶可能会导致n-3 LCP水平较低。
