Boldyrev A A, Johnson P, Wei Y, Tan Y, Carpenter D O
Center for Biotechnology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biochemistry, Russia.
Neurosci Lett. 1999 Mar 26;263(2-3):169-72. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00150-0.
Carnosine and taurine have been suggested to protect excitable tissues against oxidative stress. We have investigated the protection of cerebellar granule cells (neurons) by these compounds against free radicals generated by kainic acid (KA), and 3-morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1) treatment. Carnosine decreased free radical levels in KA and SIN-1 treated cells, and increased cell viability. The KA effect, but not that of SIN-1, was dependent on the presence of external Ca2+ ions. Taurine increased cell viability, but did not decrease free radical levels. These results suggest that there are multiple pathways leading to cell death, not all of which involve decreases in intracellular free radical levels, and also indicate that multiple mechanisms of cellular defense exist against oxidative stress.
肌肽和牛磺酸已被认为可以保护可兴奋组织免受氧化应激的影响。我们研究了这些化合物对小脑颗粒细胞（神经元）的保护作用，以对抗由 kainic 酸（KA）和 3-吗啉代非那明盐酸盐（SIN-1）处理产生的自由基。肌肽降低了 KA 和 SIN-1 处理细胞中的自由基水平，并提高了细胞活力。KA 的作用，但不是 SIN-1 的作用，依赖于外部 Ca2+离子的存在。牛磺酸提高了细胞活力，但没有降低自由基水平。这些结果表明，存在多种导致细胞死亡的途径，并非所有途径都涉及细胞内自由基水平的降低，也表明存在多种细胞防御机制来对抗氧化应激。
