Ohayon M M, Zulley J, Guilleminault C, Smirne S
Philippe Pinel Research Centre of Montreal, Canada.
Neurology. 1999 Apr 12;52(6):1194-200. doi: 10.1212/wnl.52.6.1194.
Previous epidemiologic data on sleep paralysis (SP) came from small specific samples. The true prevalence and associated factors of SP in the general population remain unknown.
A representative sample of the noninstitutionalized general population of Germany and Italy age > or =15 years (n = 8,085) was surveyed by telephone using the Sleep-EVAL questionnaire and the Sleep Questionnaire of Alertness and Wakefulness.
Overall, 6.2% (5.7 to 6.7%) of the sample (n = 494) had experienced at least one SP episode in their lifetime. At the time of the interview, severe SP (at least one episode per week) occurred in 0.8% of the sample, moderate SP (at least one episode per month) in 1.4%, and mild SP (less than one episode per month) in 4.0%. Significant predictive variables of SP were anxiolytic medication, automatic behavior, bipolar disorders, physical disease, hypnopompic hallucinations, nonrestorative sleep, and nocturnal leg cramps.
SP is less common in the general population than was previously reported. This study indicates that the disorder is often associated with a mental disorder. Users of anxiolytic medication were nearly five times as likely to report SP, even after we controlled for possible effects of mental and sleep disorders.
先前关于睡眠瘫痪（SP）的流行病学数据来自小范围的特定样本。普通人群中SP的真实患病率及相关因素仍不清楚。
采用《睡眠评估问卷》和《警觉与清醒睡眠问卷》，通过电话对德国和意大利年龄≥15岁的非机构化普通人群的代表性样本（n = 8085）进行调查。
总体而言，样本中有6.2%（5.7%至6.7%）（n = 494）在其一生中经历过至少一次SP发作。在访谈时，严重SP（每周至少发作一次）发生在0.8%的样本中，中度SP（每月至少发作一次）在1.4%，轻度SP（每月少于一次发作）在4.0%。SP的显著预测变量为抗焦虑药物使用、自动行为、双相情感障碍、躯体疾病、睡眠幻觉、非恢复性睡眠和夜间腿部痉挛。
SP在普通人群中的发生率低于先前报道。本研究表明该疾病常与精神障碍相关。即使在我们控制了精神和睡眠障碍的可能影响后，抗焦虑药物使用者报告SP的可能性仍几乎高出四倍。
