Servin A, Bohlin G, Berlin L
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Scand J Psychol. 1999 Mar;40(1):43-8. doi: 10.1111/1467-9450.00096.
This cross-sectional study investigated toy-choice in 38 one-year-old, 33 three-year-old, and 35 five-year-old children, who could choose between 10 different toys (four feminine, four masculine, and two neutral) in a structured play-session. The children played alone for 7 minutes and together with their accompanying parent for another 7 minutes (play-status). The results showed that girls and boys chose different toys from as early as the age of one year (Mdn = 12 months). These sex differences were found at all three ages. In contradiction to earlier studies, our results showed that feminine toys became less interesting for both girls and boys with increasing age. The present study showed no consistent effects of play-status. This study contributes to the knowledge of how early behavioral sex differences can be observed, how these differences develop, and it also raises questions concerning what sex differences stem from.
这项横断面研究调查了38名一岁、33名三岁和35名五岁儿童的玩具选择情况。在一次结构化游戏环节中，这些儿童可以从10种不同的玩具（四种女性化玩具、四种男性化玩具和两种中性玩具）中进行选择。孩子们独自玩耍7分钟，然后再与陪同的家长一起玩耍7分钟（玩耍状态）。结果显示，女孩和男孩早在一岁（中位数 = 12个月）时就会选择不同的玩具。在所有三个年龄段都发现了这些性别差异。与早期研究相反，我们的结果表明，随着年龄的增长，女性化玩具对女孩和男孩的吸引力都降低了。本研究未发现玩耍状态的一致影响。这项研究有助于了解行为上的性别差异能多早被观察到、这些差异如何发展，同时也提出了关于性别差异根源的问题。
