Byrd J A, DeLoach J R, Corrier D E, Nisbet D J, Stanker L H
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Avian Dis. 1999 Jan-Mar;43(1):39-47.
By conventional trayliner (hatcheries) and drag swab assembly (broiler houses) culture methods, the isolation distribution of Salmonella serotypes from five commercial broiler hatcheries (three sample times) and 13 broiler farms (eight sample times) was evaluated. A total of 11 different Salmonella serotypes were isolated from hatcheries, with Salmonella heidelberg (9/30) and Salmonella kentucky (6/30) accounting for 50% of the total isolations. Of 700 chick paperpad trayliners sampled, regardless of lot (breeder flock source) or hatchery, 12% were positive for Salmonella. When 10 individual trayliners were cultured from individual lots (same breeder flock source), Salmonella was detected in 24/57 lots (42%). Multiple serotypes were simultaneously isolated from the same lot on three occasions (6%). Of the 21 lots that were serially sampled, the Salmonella serotype detected was different within lots eight times (38%) on at least one occasion of two or more sampling times. Of the 196 individual broiler houses sampled, 44 were positive for Salmonella (42%). Twelve different serotypes were isolated from broiler houses during this study. The serotypes isolated most frequently were S. heidelberg (34/94) and S. kentucky (22/94). These two serotypes accounted for 59.6% (56/94) of the total broiler house isolations. Of the 38 houses that were serially sampled, two or more serotypes were detected in the same broiler house on 20 occasions (53%). Of the 38 serially sampled houses (four or more times), a consistent Salmonella serotype was detected in five houses (13%). In only 5 of the 38 (13%) serially sampled houses did we fail to detect Salmonella on four or more samplings. No significant difference in Salmonella isolation frequency was observed between poultry houses using new or used litter. These data support previous findings indicating that paratyphoid Salmonella serotypes are prevalent in some broiler hatcheries and houses. Further, the observation of multiple serotypes simultaneously and serially isolated from the same breeder hatchery lots suggests that breeder flocks may be infected with more than one serotype, possibly providing a source for multiple serotype infections in progeny grower flocks.
通过传统的托盘衬垫（孵化场）和拖拭子组件（肉鸡舍）培养方法，对来自5个商业肉鸡孵化场（3个采样时间点）和13个肉鸡场（8个采样时间点）的沙门氏菌血清型的分离分布情况进行了评估。从孵化场共分离出11种不同的沙门氏菌血清型，其中海德堡沙门氏菌（9/30）和肯塔基沙门氏菌（6/30）占总分离株的50%。在700个雏鸡纸垫托盘衬垫样本中，无论批次（种鸡群来源）或孵化场如何，12%的样本沙门氏菌呈阳性。当从各个批次（相同种鸡群来源）培养10个单独的托盘衬垫时，在24/57个批次（42%）中检测到沙门氏菌。有三次（6%）从同一批次中同时分离出多种血清型。在21个连续采样的批次中，在至少两次或更多次采样中的一次，有8次（38%）在批次内检测到的沙门氏菌血清型不同。在196个单独的肉鸡舍样本中，44个沙门氏菌呈阳性（42%）。在本研究期间，从肉鸡舍分离出12种不同的血清型。分离最频繁的血清型是海德堡沙门氏菌（34/94）和肯塔基沙门氏菌（22/94）。这两种血清型占肉鸡舍总分离株的59.6%（56/94）。在38个连续采样的鸡舍中，有20次（53%）在同一肉鸡舍中检测到两种或更多种血清型。在38个连续采样四次或更多次的鸡舍中，有5个鸡舍（13%）检测到一致的沙门氏菌血清型。在38个连续采样的鸡舍中，只有5个（13%）在四次或更多次采样中未检测到沙门氏菌。在使用新垫料或旧垫料的禽舍之间，沙门氏菌分离频率没有观察到显著差异。这些数据支持了先前的研究结果，表明副伤寒沙门氏菌血清型在一些肉鸡孵化场和鸡舍中普遍存在。此外，从同一种鸡孵化场批次中同时和连续分离出多种血清型的观察结果表明，种鸡群可能感染了不止一种血清型，这可能为后代生长鸡群中的多种血清型感染提供了来源。
