Santee W R, Kraning K K, Matthew W T
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Apr;70(4):340-5.
The majority of military physiological studies have been conducted on men. Consequently most physiological modeling is based on male performance. This study obtained data on women performing military tasks under hot-dry field conditions. Results for rectal temperature (Tre) and heart rate (HR) were compared with values generated by the SCENARIO physiological model.
Three skin surface temperatures, Tre, and HR were collected while four female subjects participated in walking or two-person litter carriage (68 kg load) in regular battledress and with full chemical protection at Yuma Proving Ground, AZ. Metabolic rates were measured prior to the test days. Meteorological data were also recorded.
Overall, the potential for thermal stress decreased over the four test days, with air temperature dropping from 39.4 degrees to 35.5 degrees C. Whole body metabolic values were 364 W (walking), 91 W (standing), and 492 W (litter carriage). Endurance times (160 min maximum) for walking were 140 min in Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP)-0 and 29 min in MOPP-4. For litter carriage, the average times were 59 min in MOPP-0 and 43 min in MOPP-4. A comparison of root mean squared deviation (RMSD) to the mean standard deviation for Tre demonstrated a good fit between the model and mean observed values for the MOPP-0 condition. Observed HRs were greater than predicted by the model.
The modeling results support a conclusion that factors other than heat stress limited litter carriage in MOPP-0. Analysis of calculated values for Tre using RMSD supports an assumption that the male-based SCENARIO may be applicable to females.
大多数军事生理学研究是针对男性进行的。因此，大多数生理模型都是基于男性的表现建立的。本研究获取了女性在炎热干燥野外条件下执行军事任务的数据。将直肠温度（Tre）和心率（HR）的结果与SCENARIO生理模型生成的值进行了比较。
在亚利桑那州尤马试验场，四名女性受试者穿着常规战斗服并配备全面化学防护装备，进行步行或两人抬运担架（68公斤负载）时，收集了三个皮肤表面温度、Tre和HR。在测试日前测量了代谢率。还记录了气象数据。
总体而言，在四个测试日中，热应激的可能性降低，气温从39.4摄氏度降至35.5摄氏度。全身代谢值分别为364瓦（步行）、91瓦（站立）和492瓦（抬运担架）。步行的耐力时间（最长160分钟）在任务导向防护姿势（MOPP）-0时为140分钟，在MOPP-4时为29分钟。对于抬运担架，平均时间在MOPP-0时为59分钟，在MOPP-4时为43分钟。Tre的均方根偏差（RMSD）与平均标准差的比较表明，模型与MOPP-0条件下的平均观测值拟合良好。观测到的HR高于模型预测值。
建模结果支持以下结论，即除热应激外的其他因素限制了MOPP-0中的抬运担架能力。使用RMSD对Tre的计算值进行分析支持了基于男性的SCENARIO模型可能适用于女性的假设。
