Lysaker P H, Bell M D, Kaplan E, Greig T C, Bryson G J
Hamilton Center, Linton, IN 47441, USA.
Psychiatry. 1999 Spring;62(1):36-48. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1999.11024850.
Research has indicated that stable individual differences in personality exist among persons with schizophrenia, and that they likely predate the onset of illness. Little is known, however, about whether individual differences in personality are related to levels of psychopathology. This study tested the hypotheses that levels of Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism are associated with symptomatology. Accordingly, measures of these dimensions of personality and of symptomatology were obtained simultaneously for 113 male subjects with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Next, subjects were characterized as having high or low levels on each personality dimension and their scores on the five components of the Positive Negative Syndrome Scale were compared using multivariate and univariate procedures. Results indicate that extroverted subjects had lower levels of Positive, Negative, and Emotional Discomfort symptoms, and higher levels of Excitement symptoms than introverted subjects. Subjects with higher levels of Neuroticism had higher levels of Positive and Emotional Discomfort symptoms than subjects with lower levels of Neuroticism. No differences in symptoms were found among subjects with higher versus lower levels of Psychoticism. Results suggest individual differences in personality are associated with psychopathology in schizophrenia and may help further explain the heterogeneity widely observed in this disorder.
研究表明，精神分裂症患者存在稳定的人格个体差异，且这些差异可能在疾病发作之前就已存在。然而，关于人格的个体差异是否与精神病理学水平相关，人们知之甚少。本研究检验了外向性、神经质和精神质水平与症状学相关的假设。因此，同时对113名患有精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍的男性受试者进行了这些人格维度和症状学的测量。接下来，将受试者在每个人格维度上分为高分组或低分组，并使用多变量和单变量程序比较他们在阳性和阴性症状量表五个分量表上的得分。结果表明，外向型受试者的阳性、阴性和情绪不适症状水平较低，兴奋症状水平高于内向型受试者。神经质水平较高的受试者比神经质水平较低的受试者有更高的阳性和情绪不适症状水平。精神质水平较高和较低的受试者之间未发现症状差异。结果表明，人格个体差异与精神分裂症的精神病理学相关，可能有助于进一步解释该疾病中广泛观察到的异质性。
