González-Fraguela M E, Castellano-Benítez O, González-Hoyuela M
Departamento de Neurobioquímica, Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, CIREN, La Habana, Cuba.
Rev Neurol. 1999;28(5):504-11.
The aetiology of the neuronal death which occurs in neurodegenerative diseases is still unknown. These disorders are of insidious onset and follow an inexorable, gradually progressive course. The best known and most frequent are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Advances in molecular genetics and neurobiochemistry towards the understanding of processes involved in cell death, suggest the association of phenomena of excito-toxicity and oxidation damage in the selective degeneration of neuronal populations, characteristic of these disorders.
The evidence presented here suggests that the species reactive to oxygen (SRO) play a direct part in the aetiology and/or pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, although it is still very difficult to establish whether these reactive species represent the primary etiological factor, or are toxic products secondary to tissue damage.
神经退行性疾病中发生的神经元死亡的病因仍然不明。这些疾病起病隐匿，呈不可阻挡的渐进性病程。最广为人知且最常见的是阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）。
分子遗传学和神经生物化学在理解细胞死亡相关过程方面取得的进展表明，兴奋毒性和氧化损伤现象与这些疾病所特有的神经元群体选择性退化有关。
此处提出的证据表明，活性氧（SRO）在神经退行性疾病的病因和/或发病机制中起直接作用，尽管仍然很难确定这些活性物质是主要病因，还是组织损伤的继发毒性产物。
