Taylor D M, Jelinek G A
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA. taylordm+@pitt.edu
Acad Emerg Med. 1999 Apr;6(4):324-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb00396.x.
Training programs in emergency medicine differ from country to country. This article compares the allopathic training programs of Australasia and the United States. The perceived advantages of these programs are highlighted, but no attempt is made to determine which is the better program. The Australasian program is significantly longer and places a greater emphasis on the basic clinical sciences, physical examination skills, and academic output. Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) regulations are relatively flexible and allow trainees to design their own programs. Trainees are encouraged to arrange accredited positions in a variety of hospitals. Overseas and part-time training may be acceptable. In the United States, trainees rotate within and from one parent institution, which provides a rigid teaching structure for a "critical mass" of trainees, based on a "core" curriculum. Rotations tend to be much shorter but ensure exposure to a broader range of clinical experience. Evaluation of trainees and teaching faculty is more frequent and documentation of procedural and resuscitation skills is required. Trainees are under the close supervision of teaching faculty at all times when working in an ED.
各国的急诊医学培训项目各不相同。本文比较了澳大拉西亚地区和美国的对抗疗法培训项目。文中强调了这些项目的明显优势，但并未试图确定哪个项目更好。澳大拉西亚地区的项目时间显著更长，更注重基础临床科学、体格检查技能和学术成果。澳大拉西亚急诊医学学院（ACEM）的规定相对灵活，允许学员自行设计培训计划。鼓励学员在各类医院安排获得认证的职位。海外培训和兼职培训也可能被接受。在美国，学员在一所主要机构内部及之间轮转，该机构基于“核心”课程为大量学员提供严格的教学结构。轮转时间往往短得多，但能确保接触更广泛的临床经验。对学员和教师的评估更为频繁，且要求记录操作和复苏技能。学员在急诊科工作时始终处于教师的密切监督之下。
