Jammet H, Méchali D, Nénot J C, Coulon R
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1976 Nov-Dec;24(6):509-22.
A short review is made of the general characteristics of electromagnetic and corpuscular radiations to which man can be exposed. Following some considerations on the action of ionizing radiations and the radiobiological factors governing their effects on health, the overall characteristics of pathological effects differentiating stochastic from non-stochastic effects are summarized. The uncertainties remaining as to low-level exposures are stated as well as the cautious assumptions usually madein this field. The various sources of exposure to which the population is submitted are considered, i.e. exposures from natural, medical, domestic, industrial sources or from fallout from nuclear weapon tests; the present or predictable levels of exposure and their variations are given for each source. But for medical irradiation, all the exposures connected to human activities are much lower than natural exposure variations; such exposures should modify the incidence of certain affections but quite insignificantly as compared with the regional or local variations observed.
本文简要回顾了人类可能接触到的电磁辐射和粒子辐射的一般特性。在对电离辐射的作用以及控制其对健康影响的放射生物学因素进行了一些思考之后，总结了区分随机效应和非随机效应的病理效应的总体特征。阐述了低剂量照射仍存在的不确定性以及该领域通常采用的谨慎假设。考虑了人群所面临的各种照射源，即来自天然、医疗、家庭、工业源或核武器试验沉降物的照射；给出了每种照射源目前或可预测的照射水平及其变化情况。但对于医疗照射而言，与人类活动相关的所有照射都远低于天然照射的变化；此类照射可能会改变某些疾病的发病率，但与观察到的区域或局部变化相比，影响微不足道。
