Guntz M, Parnaud E, Bernard A, Chome J, Regnier J, Toulemonde J L
Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy). 1976 Sep;60(170):527-38.
The arterial blood supply of the anal canal derives from the superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries, whose branches reach the anal submucosa. Three main arterial trunks in the right anterior, right posterior and left lateral positions can be isolated below the pectinate line. They come, for the most important part, from the superior rectal artery. On the course of the anal submucosal venous plexus are fusiform, saccular or serpiginous dilatations confined to the lower half of the anal canal. This plexus is mainly tributary of the superior rectal vein to the portal system and secondly, of the middle and inferior rectal veins and the lateral sacral veins to the inferior vena cava. Arterio-venous direct communications have been demonstrated by serial section and by radiography of cadaveric specimens and by selective inferior mesenteric arteriography in patients. The erectile property of the anal submucosa as suggested by large vascular spaces, arterio-venous shunts and glomic systems may function in the erectile mechanism.
肛管的动脉血供来自直肠上、中、下动脉，其分支到达肛管黏膜下层。在齿状线以下可分离出右前、右后和左侧位的三条主要动脉干。它们大部分来自直肠上动脉。在肛管黏膜下静脉丛行程中，有梭形、囊状或蜿蜒状扩张，局限于肛管下半部。该静脉丛主要是直肠上静脉汇入门静脉系统的属支，其次是直肠中、下静脉以及骶外侧静脉汇入下腔静脉的属支。通过连续切片、尸体标本造影以及患者的选择性肠系膜下动脉造影已证实存在动静脉直接交通。肛管黏膜下层的勃起特性，如大的血管腔隙、动静脉分流和肾小球样结构所提示的，可能在勃起机制中发挥作用。
