Henquell C, Bournazeau J A, Vanlieferinghen P, Grangeot-Keros L, Chambon M, Lebel A, Lemery D, Peigue-Lafeuille H
Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU de Clermont-Ferrand.
Presse Med. 1999 Apr 17;28(15):777-80.
Describe the clinical and laboratory features of rubella observed during the first semester of pregnancy in 11 patients in 1997.
Eleven pregnant women, aged 15-30 years, were referred to the Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital for suspected rubella. Four had had at least 1 prior pregnancy, none had been vaccinated. Rubella serology was obtained for all 11 patients and polymerase chain reaction viral amplification was performed on amniotic fluid in 9 cases.
The virology laboratory identified 8 cases of primary rubella (2 prior to 12 weeks gestation) and 3 reinfections (1 prior to 12 weeks gestation). Fetal infection was evidenced in I gravida II patient at 17-18 weeks gestation. All pregnancies were continued to term and no case of congenital rubella malformation was observed. However specific IgM assays were performed at birth in 6 of the 11 infants and revealed infection in 3.
These observations indicate that a local epidemic of rubella occurred in the general population. They illustrate the risk of a rubella epidemic in France and the lack of sufficient vaccination of the young adult population, finally they emphasize that current anti-rubella vaccination programs should be promoted.
描述1997年11例妊娠前半期风疹患者的临床和实验室特征。
11例年龄在15至30岁之间的孕妇因疑似风疹被转诊至克莱蒙费朗大学医院。其中4例曾至少有过1次妊娠，均未接种过疫苗。对所有11例患者进行了风疹血清学检测，并对9例患者的羊水进行了聚合酶链反应病毒扩增。
病毒学实验室鉴定出8例原发性风疹（2例发生在妊娠12周前）和3例再感染（1例发生在妊娠12周前）。1例妊娠II期患者在妊娠17至18周时证实发生胎儿感染。所有妊娠均足月分娩，未观察到先天性风疹畸形病例。然而，对11例婴儿中的6例在出生时进行了特异性IgM检测，其中3例显示感染。
这些观察结果表明，风疹在普通人群中发生了局部流行。它们说明了法国风疹流行的风险以及年轻成年人群疫苗接种不足的情况，最后强调应推广当前的抗风疹疫苗接种计划。
