Onakewhor J U, Chiwuzie J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2011 Apr-Jun;14(2):140-5. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.84002.
To determine the serosusceptibility of rubella infection in pregnancy and the feasibility of establishing an organized prevention program in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
This prospective, cross-sectional, laboratory-based study involved 300 consecutive pregnant women who gave informed consent and were screened for rubella immunoglobulins G (IgG) and M (IgM), using the ELISA-based quantitative assay at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Of the cohort, 30 women later withdrew. IgG seropositive samples were screened for IgM antibodies.
The mean age and parity of the women were 30.0 ± 4.8 years, 95% CI 29.727-30.873 and 2.0 ± 1.4; 95% CI 1.317-1.661, respectively. IgG seroprevalence was 53%, while 10.0% of all IgG seropositive women were IgM seropositive. Most infections were acquired before the age of 35. None of the women ever had previous rubella vaccination. Rubella vaccine is scarce in Nigeria.
Prevalence of rubella seromarkers for previous and current infection is high. Facilities for routine diagnosis and vaccination are lacking. Initiation of organized screening and vaccination programs is limited by lack of vaccine. We recommend immunization of children and women of child-bearing age as a cost-effective public health intervention strategy for managing the sequelae of the congenital rubella syndrome.
确定妊娠期间风疹感染的血清易感性，以及在尼日利亚一家三级医院建立有组织预防项目的可行性。
这项前瞻性、横断面、基于实验室的研究纳入了300名连续的孕妇，她们均签署了知情同意书，并在尼日利亚贝宁大学教学医院采用基于酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的定量检测方法对风疹免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和M（IgM）进行筛查。在该队列中，30名女性后来退出。对IgG血清阳性样本进行IgM抗体筛查。
这些女性的平均年龄和产次分别为30.0±4.8岁（95%置信区间29.727 - 30.873）和2.0±1.4（95%置信区间1.317 - 1.661）。IgG血清阳性率为53%，而所有IgG血清阳性女性中有10.0%为IgM血清阳性。大多数感染发生在35岁之前。这些女性既往均未接种过风疹疫苗。风疹疫苗在尼日利亚很稀缺。
既往和当前感染的风疹血清标志物患病率很高。缺乏常规诊断和疫苗接种设施。由于缺乏疫苗，有组织的筛查和疫苗接种项目的启动受到限制。我们建议对儿童和育龄妇女进行免疫接种，作为管理先天性风疹综合征后遗症的一种具有成本效益的公共卫生干预策略。
