Barber P H
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
Mol Ecol. 1999 Apr;8(4):563-76. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00594.x.
Patterns of gene flow and genetic structuring were examined in the canyon treefrog, Hyla arenicolor (Cope). Hierarchical analysis of genetic variation was performed on mitochondrial cytochrome b haplotypes from 323 individuals, representing 32 populations from previously described phylogeographic regions. Results from AMOVA revealed that 60.4-78.9% of the recovered genetic variation was the result of differences in the appointment of genetic variation between subdivisions of the primary phylogeographic regions. In contrast, populations only contained between 13.9 and 30.1% of the observed haplotypic variation. Gene flow estimates based on calculations of phi ST revealed moderate levels of gene flow within phylogeographic regions, but there was no evidence of gene flow between these regions, suggesting that geographical boundaries were probably important in the formation of phylogeographic structure in H. arenicolor. Phylogeographic regions exhibited very different patterns of gene flow. One region showed evidence of recent colonization. Another region exhibited very limited gene flow. Moderate to high estimates of gene flow were obtained for populations from two distinct phylogeographic regions characterized by mesic and xeric environments. Isolation by distance was observed in both regions suggesting that these regions are in genetic equilibrium. Because gene flow is extremely unlikely between the populations in the xeric region, this result is interpreted as historical gene flow. These results indicate that isolation-by-distance effects may still be observed even when population genetic structure and gene flow are the result of historical association.
对峡谷雨蛙（Hyla arenicolor，考普）的基因流动模式和遗传结构进行了研究。对来自323个个体的线粒体细胞色素b单倍型进行了遗传变异的层次分析，这些个体代表了先前描述的系统地理学区域中的32个种群。方差分析（AMOVA）结果显示，恢复的遗传变异中有60.4 - 78.9%是主要系统地理学区域各亚区之间遗传变异分配差异的结果。相比之下，种群仅包含观察到的单倍型变异的13.9%至30.1%。基于φST计算的基因流动估计显示，系统地理学区域内基因流动水平适中，但这些区域之间没有基因流动的证据，这表明地理边界可能对峡谷雨蛙系统地理结构的形成很重要。系统地理学区域表现出非常不同的基因流动模式。一个区域显示出近期殖民的证据。另一个区域的基因流动非常有限。对于来自以湿润和干旱环境为特征的两个不同系统地理学区域的种群，获得了中等至高的基因流动估计值。在这两个区域都观察到了距离隔离，表明这些区域处于遗传平衡状态。由于干旱区域的种群之间极不可能发生基因流动，这一结果被解释为历史基因流动。这些结果表明，即使种群遗传结构和基因流动是历史关联的结果，距离隔离效应可能仍然会被观察到。
