Pillutla MM, Chen XP
Department of Management of Organizations, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1999 May;78(2):81-103. doi: 10.1006/obhd.1999.2825.
Drawing from research on social norms, we proposed and tested the hypothesis that people behave more competitively in social dilemmas involving economic decisions compared to those involving noneconomic decisions. We also proposed that people would compete more if they see that others have unexpectedly competed in a prior situation and cooperate more when others have unexpectedly cooperated in a previous situation. Further, we hypothesized that if others behave consistently with expectations, such behaviors (either cooperative or competitive) would not affect subsequent behavior. One hundred ninety-five under graduate students participated in an experiment in which they made choices in two different social dilemma games. Results support the hypotheses, and the discussion addresses the implications of the study for research on social norms and decision making. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
基于对社会规范的研究，我们提出并检验了这样一个假设：在涉及经济决策的社会困境中，人们的行为比在涉及非经济决策的社会困境中更具竞争性。我们还提出，如果人们看到其他人在前一种情况下意外地选择了竞争，那么他们会更倾向于竞争；而当其他人在前一种情况下意外地选择了合作时，他们会更多地选择合作。此外，我们假设，如果其他人的行为符合预期，那么这种行为（无论是合作还是竞争）都不会影响后续行为。195名本科生参与了一项实验，他们在两个不同的社会困境游戏中做出选择。结果支持了这些假设，并且讨论部分阐述了该研究对社会规范和决策研究的意义。版权所有1999年学术出版社。
