Poikolainen K
Järvenpää Addiction Hospital, Haarajoki, Finland.
Prev Med. 1999 May;28(5):503-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0467.
Earlier meta-analyses have not made a distinction between very brief (5- to 20-min) interventions and extended (several visits) brief interventions.
Literature searches identified seven publications, comprising 14 data sets, meeting the inclusion criteria: sampling from primary care populations, random allocation to intervention and to control groups, and follow-up time 6-12 months.
For very brief interventions, the change in alcohol consumption was not significant among men nor among women. For extended brief interventions, the pooled effect estimate of change in alcohol intake was -51 g of alcohol per week (95% confidence interval -74, -29) among women. Among men the estimate was of similar magnitude, but significant lack of statistical homogeneity implied that the summary estimate was not meaningful. Significant statistical heterogeneity was observed when data on very brief interventions among men and women were pooled. That was the case also for gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.
Extended brief interventions were effective among women. Other brief interventions seem to be effective sometimes, but not always, and the average effect cannot be reliably estimated. The reasons for the lack of uniform effectiveness should be explored.
早期的荟萃分析并未区分极短（5至20分钟）干预和延长（多次就诊）简短干预。
文献检索确定了7篇出版物，包含14个数据集，符合纳入标准：从初级保健人群中抽样、随机分配至干预组和对照组，随访时间为6至12个月。
对于极短干预，男性和女性的酒精摄入量变化均不显著。对于延长简短干预，女性每周酒精摄入量变化的合并效应估计值为-51克酒精（95%置信区间-74，-29）。男性的估计值幅度相似，但显著缺乏统计同质性意味着汇总估计无意义。当汇总男性和女性极短干预的数据时，观察到显著的统计异质性。γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性情况也是如此。
延长简短干预对女性有效。其他简短干预有时似乎有效，但并非总是有效，且平均效果无法可靠估计。应探究缺乏统一有效性的原因。
