加利福尼亚州亚裔美国青少年的吸烟模式及其与文化适应的关系。

Smoking patterns of Asian-American youth in California and their relationship with acculturation.

作者信息

Chen X, Unger J B, Cruz T B, Johnson C A

机构信息

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.

出版信息

J Adolesc Health. 1999 May;24(5):321-8. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00118-9.

DOI:10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00118-9

PMID:10331838

Abstract

PURPOSE

To examine patterns of smoking behavior among subgroups of Asian-American youth in California and their relationship with acculturation status.

METHODS

Data were from the 1990-1996 California Tobacco Survey and the California Youth Tobacco Survey, which assessed smoking-related attitudes and behaviors among California youth in grades 7-12. Among the 20,482 respondents, 1,810 were Asian-Americans. Variables assessed included lifetime smoking prevalence, 30-day smoking prevalence, and age of smoking onset. Acculturation status was assessed with measures of English usage, language spoken at home, and age at immigration to the United States.

RESULTS

Of the 1,810 Asian-Americans (52% male), 19% were Chinese, 33% Filipino, 8% Japanese, 13% Korean, and 26% other Asian-Americans. Lifetime smoking prevalence was 16.1% for Asians and 26.1% for non-Asians. The 30-day smoking rate was 6.9% for Asians and 14.2% for non-Asians. Subgroup-specific analyses revealed differences in lifetime smoking prevalence (18.9% for Filipinos, 17.3% for Japanese, 16.3 % for Koreans, 11.0% for Chinese, and 13.7% for other Asian-Americans) and 30-day smoking rate (8.6% for Filipinos, 8.3% for Koreans, 7.4% for Japanese, 2.8% for Chinese, and 7.2% for other Asian-Americans). Gender differences in lifetime smoking prevalence varied by Asian subgroup; smoking prevalence was higher among males than among females for Chinese and Koreans, but smoking prevalence was higher among females than among males for Japanese and other Asians. The average age of smoking onset was 12.9 years for Asians and 12.8 years for non-Asians. Age of smoking onset differed among Asian-American subgroups but did not differ by gender. In addition, smoking behaviors of the Asian respondents were significantly associated with their acculturation status.

CONCLUSIONS

Asian-American youth have relatively lower smoking rates and later age of smoking onset than non-Asian youth in California. In addition, subgroups of Asian-American youth vary widely in their smoking behavior. High levels of acculturation among Asian-American youth are associated with higher smoking prevalence rates and earlier age of smoking onset.

摘要

目的

研究加利福尼亚州亚裔美国青年亚组中的吸烟行为模式及其与文化适应状况的关系。

方法

数据来自1990 - 1996年加利福尼亚烟草调查和加利福尼亚青年烟草调查，这些调查评估了加利福尼亚州7至12年级青少年与吸烟相关的态度和行为。在20482名受访者中，有1810名是亚裔美国人。评估的变量包括终生吸烟率、30天吸烟率和开始吸烟的年龄。文化适应状况通过英语使用情况、在家中说的语言以及移民到美国的年龄等指标进行评估。

结果

在1810名亚裔美国人（52%为男性）中，19%是华裔，33%是菲律宾裔，8%是日裔，13%是韩裔，26%是其他亚裔美国人。亚裔的终生吸烟率为16.1%，非亚裔为26.1%。亚裔的30天吸烟率为6.9%，非亚裔为14.2%。亚组特异性分析显示终生吸烟率存在差异（菲律宾裔为18.9%，日裔为17.3%，韩裔为16.3%，华裔为11.0%，其他亚裔美国人为13.7%）以及30天吸烟率存在差异（菲律宾裔为8.6%，韩裔为8.3%，日裔为7.4%，华裔为2.8%，其他亚裔美国人为7.2%）。终生吸烟率的性别差异因亚裔亚组而异；华裔和韩裔中男性的吸烟率高于女性，但日裔和其他亚裔中女性的吸烟率高于男性。亚裔开始吸烟的平均年龄为12.9岁，非亚裔为12.8岁。亚裔美国青年亚组中开始吸烟的年龄存在差异，但不存在性别差异。此外，亚裔受访者的吸烟行为与其文化适应状况显著相关。