Klein J, Koren G
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 1999 Apr;18(4):279-82. doi: 10.1191/096032799678840048.
Passive smoking has been shown to adversely affect the health of infants and children. We used hair analysis for nicotine and its metabolite cotinine as a biological marker for exposure to smoking in these two groups. Using radioimmunoassay we measured maternal and fetal hair concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in the mother-infant pairs belonging to three different groups based on the mother's smoking habits. The three groups were: active smokers, passive smokers and nonsmokers. There was a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal hair concentration for both, nicotine and cotinine. Mothers and infants in the smoking groups, both active and passive, had significantly higher hair concentrations of both, nicotine and cotinine than in the control, nonsmoking group. In an older cohort, we compared two groups: 78 asthmatic children were compared to 86 healthy children exposed to similar degrees of passive smoking. By using objective, biological markers, our study aimed at verifying whether asthmatic children are different from nonasthmatic children in the way their bodies handle nicotine. Our results show, that, despite the fact that parents of asthmatic children tend to smoke a lower number of cigarettes per day, their children had an average twofold higher concentrations of cotinine in their hair then the control, nonasthmatic children. These studies document the importance of hair analysis as a tool for measuring exposure to cigarette smoke.
被动吸烟已被证明会对婴幼儿的健康产生不利影响。我们使用头发分析来检测尼古丁及其代谢物可替宁，将其作为这两组人群接触吸烟的生物标志物。我们基于母亲的吸烟习惯，将母婴对分为三个不同组，运用放射免疫分析法测定了这三组母婴对中母亲和胎儿头发中的尼古丁和可替宁浓度。这三组分别是：主动吸烟者、被动吸烟者和不吸烟者。尼古丁和可替宁在母亲和新生儿头发中的浓度之间存在显著相关性。吸烟组（包括主动吸烟组和被动吸烟组）的母亲和婴儿头发中的尼古丁和可替宁浓度均显著高于对照组（不吸烟组）。在一个年龄稍大的队列中，我们比较了两组：将78名哮喘儿童与86名暴露于相似程度被动吸烟环境的健康儿童进行比较。通过使用客观的生物标志物，我们的研究旨在验证哮喘儿童在身体处理尼古丁的方式上是否与非哮喘儿童不同。我们的结果表明，尽管哮喘儿童的父母往往每天吸烟数量较少，但他们孩子头发中的可替宁平均浓度比对照组非哮喘儿童高出两倍。这些研究证明了头发分析作为测量接触香烟烟雾工具的重要性。
