Cozzani V, Zanelli S
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Chimica Industriale e Scienza dei Materiali, Universitae degli Studi di Pisa, Italy.
J Hazard Mater. 1999 Mar 1;65(1-2):93-108. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(98)00257-x.
Article 2 of Directive 96/82/EC on the control of major accident hazards caused by dangerous substances requires to consider also the hazards due to the dangerous substances "which it is believed may be generated during loss of control of an industrial chemical process", although no generally accepted guidelines are available for the identification of these substances. In the present study, the accidents involving the unwanted formation of dangerous substances as a consequence of the loss of control of chemical systems were investigated. A specifically developed database was used, containing data on more than 400 of these accidents and on the substances involved. The hazardous substances formed in the accidents and the precursors of these substances were identified. The influence of accident characteristics on the substances formed was investigated. In the context of the application of Directive 96/82/EC, an accident severity index and a hazard rating of the precursors of dangerous substances formed in the accidents were proposed. A lumping approach was used in order to develop schemes for the preliminary identification of substances that may be formed in the loss of control of chemical system. The results of accident analysis were used to test the schemes developed.
关于控制由危险物质引起的重大事故危险的96/82/EC号指令第2条要求，还需考虑“据信可能在工业化学过程失控期间产生的”危险物质所带来的危险，尽管目前尚无普遍认可的指南用于识别这些物质。在本研究中，对因化学系统失控而意外形成危险物质的事故进行了调查。使用了一个专门开发的数据库，其中包含400多起此类事故及所涉物质的数据。确定了事故中形成的有害物质及其这些物质的前体。研究了事故特征对所形成物质的影响。在适用96/82/EC号指令的背景下，提出了事故严重程度指数和事故中形成的危险物质前体的危险等级。为了制定化学系统失控时可能形成的物质的初步识别方案，采用了一种集总方法。事故分析结果用于检验所制定的方案。
