Young G M, Schmiel D H, Miller V L
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 25;96(11):6456-61. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.11.6456.
Biogenesis of the flagellum, a motive organelle of many bacterial species, is best understood for members of the Enterobacteriaceae. The flagellum is a heterooligomeric structure that protrudes from the surface of the cell. Its assembly initially involves the synthesis of a dedicated protein export apparatus that subsequently transports other flagellar proteins by a type III mechanism from the cytoplasm to the outer surface of the cell, where oligomerization occurs. In this study, the flagellum export apparatus was shown to function also as a secretion system for the transport of several extracellular proteins in the pathogenic bacterium Yersinia enterocolitica. One of the proteins exported by the flagellar secretion system was the virulence-associated phospholipase, YplA. These results suggest type III protein secretion by the flagellar system may be a general mechanism for the transport of proteins that influence bacterial-host interactions.
鞭毛是许多细菌种类的运动细胞器，对于肠杆菌科成员而言，其生物发生过程最为人所熟知。鞭毛是一种从细胞表面突出的异源寡聚结构。其组装最初涉及一种专门的蛋白质输出装置的合成，该装置随后通过III型机制将其他鞭毛蛋白从细胞质转运到细胞外表面，在那里发生寡聚化。在本研究中，鞭毛输出装置在致病性细菌小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌中也被证明可作为一种分泌系统，用于运输几种细胞外蛋白。鞭毛分泌系统输出的一种蛋白质是与毒力相关的磷脂酶YplA。这些结果表明，鞭毛系统的III型蛋白质分泌可能是运输影响细菌与宿主相互作用的蛋白质的一种普遍机制。
