School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Biomolecules. 2023 Jan 9;13(1):135. doi: 10.3390/biom13010135.
is likely the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, responsible for millions of cases of inflammatory diarrhea characterized by severe abdominal cramps and blood in the stool. Further, infections are associated with post-infection sequelae in developed countries and malnutrition and growth-stunting in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the increasing prevalence of the disease, campylobacteriosis, and the recognition that this pathogen is a serious health threat, our understanding of pathogenesis remains incomplete. In this review, we focus on the secretion systems proposed to contribute to host-cell interactions and survival in the host. Moreover, we have applied a genomics approach to defining the structural and mechanistic features of type III, IV, and VI secretion systems. Special attention is focused on the flagellar type III secretion system and the prediction of putative effectors, given that the proteins exported via this system are essential for host cell invasion and the inflammatory response. We conclude that does not possess a type IV secretion system and relies on the type III and type VI secretion systems to establish a niche and potentiate disease.
空肠弯曲菌可能是全世界最常见的细菌性胃肠炎致病菌，可引发数百万例炎症性腹泻，其特征为严重的腹部绞痛和粪便带血。此外，在发达国家，弯曲菌感染与感染后后遗症有关，在低收入和中等收入国家则与营养不良和生长迟缓有关。尽管该病（弯曲菌病）的发病率不断上升，且人们已经认识到该病原体是一个严重的健康威胁，但我们对其发病机制的了解仍不完整。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注被认为有助于与宿主细胞相互作用和在宿主体内存活的空肠弯曲菌分泌系统。此外，我们还应用了基因组学方法来定义 III 型、IV 型和 VI 型分泌系统的结构和机制特征。特别关注鞭毛 III 型分泌系统和预测的效应蛋白，因为通过该系统输出的蛋白质对于宿主细胞入侵和炎症反应至关重要。我们的结论是空肠弯曲菌不具有 IV 型分泌系统，而是依赖 III 型和 VI 型分泌系统来建立小生境并促进疾病发生。
